This Index is meant to help you select questions to use for Test Talks in your classroom. Above all, select questions that you have not explicitly taught your students how to do and that they have the skills and understandings needed to find a way into the question. You can choose questions related to current class content or ones that are not. The Introduction of the Will This Be on the Test? packet has more guidance on selecting questions. Here you can quickly locate questions that address specific domains or content areas or provide opportunities to use specific tools, strategies, and Standards for Mathematical Practice.

For each question, you will find:

  • A content summary that briefly describes the math content of the question.
  • A list of strategies outlined in the teacher pages for the question. There are always more strategies for any question beyond those listed.
  • Specific tools that can be used with the question, including number lines, bar models, area models, and tables.
  • Standards for Mathematical Practice (SMPs) fostered by the strategies outlined in the teacher pages. Other strategies might foster other SMPs.
    • Note: MP.1 and MP.3 are not tagged because they are present whenever you do a Test Talk, regardless of the question. MP.1, “Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them,” is at the heart of Test Talks because Test Talks require students to make sense of an unfamiliar question and determine a strategy to solve it. MP.3, “Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others,” is present in the strategy sharing of a Test Talk, where students explain their reasoning and critically evaluate the reasoning of their peers.
  • College and Career Readiness Standards for Adult Education (CCRSAE) domains. While test questions are often written to a specific content standard within a specific domain, the strategies used to solve them may be drawn from multiple domains. The domains cited are domains the listed strategies come from.
  • The CCRSAE content standard most closely aligned to the question.

Each question has a link to a Will This Be on the Test? blog post, and some questions are also in the Will This Be on the Test? packet. In the packet, there is a brief description of the basic understandings students need to find a way into the question.

This page will be updated as more Will This Be on the Test? blogs are posted.

TitleContent SummaryStrategiesToolsSMPsCCRSAE DomainsCCRSAE Content Std
Julia’s Photocopy   (Packet question #1)● Proportional reasoning in the context of enlarging a photograph  
● Similar figures
● Draw pictures
● Work from known information
● Compare fractions visually  
● Look for structure  
Bar modelsMP.2 MP.4 MP.5 MP.7Geometry

Ratios and Proportional Relationships

Number and Operations: Fractions
7.RP.2 7.G.1
José’s Backyard   (Packet question #2)● Area of a rectangle  
● Unit conversions with square units
● Estimate  
● Draw pictures – reasoning about feet and yards  
● Draw pictures – reasoning about square units
 MP.4 MP.6  Geometry

Measurement and Data
3.MD.5 3.MD.6
Job Training Application   (Packet question #3)Fraction of a set – find the whole● Estimate  
● Draw ratios  
● Draw a bar model  
Bar modelsMP.4 MP.5 MP.7Ratios and Proportional Relationships

Number and Operations: Fractions
3.NF.1
Pencils & Erasers   (Packet question #4)● Algebraic reasoning  
● Systems of equations in context (accessible at lower levels)  
● Reason proportionally
● Guess and Check
TablesMP.4 MP.7Ratios and Proportional Relationships

Expressions and Equations
8.EE.8 (accessible at lower levels)
Exponent Equivalence   (Packet question #5)● Meaning of an exponent
● Multiplying expressions with exponents
● Try a concrete case
● Write out exponents as multiplication
● Figure out a rule using structure
 MP.5 MP.7Expressions and Equations8.EE.1
Snail Trail I (friendly numbers)   (Packet question #6)● Reasoning about distance, rate, and time with fractions  
● Benchmark fractions
● Fractions of an hour as minutes
● Estimate  
● Use a bar model  
● Reason proportionally  
Number lines  

Bar models
MP.4 MP.5Ratios and Proportional Relationships

Number and Operations: Fractions
6.RP.3  
Snail Trail II (less friendly numbers)   (Packet question #7)● Reasoning about distance, rate, and time with fractions  
● Benchmark fractions
● Fractions of an hour as minutes
● Estimate  
● Use a bar model  
● Reason proportionally  
Number lines  

Bar models
MP.4 MP.5Ratios and Proportional Relationships

Number and Operations: Fractions
6.RP.3  
Souvenir Sales   (Packet question #8)● Angles in a circle graph
● Percents
● Angle measurements
● Estimate
● Measure by comparing to a right angle
● Guess and check
● Reason proportionally
Improvised angle measurerMP.2 MP.5 MP.6  Measurement and Data

Geometry

Ratios and Proportional Relationships
4.MD.5
Running Laps   (Packet question #9)● Meaning of a fraction
● Division by a fraction
● Estimate  
● Draw a picture  
● Reason about division with repeated addition
● Reason proportionally
● Use a bar model
Tables  

Number lines  

Bar models
MP.2 MP.5 MP.8Number and Operations: Fractions

The Number System
6.NS.1
Choosing Your Marbles   (Packet question #10)Probability expressed as a fraction  ● Estimate  
● Play “what if?”  
● Draw a picture    
 MP.4 MP.7Statistics and Probability7.SP.5 7.SP.7
Finding “x”   (Packet question #11)● Solving equations  
● Equivalent fractions
● Visualize equivalent fractions with bar models
● Reason about equivalent fractions by multiplying across numerators and denominators
● Iterate ratios
● Draw pictures
Bar modelsMP.2 MP.7Expressions and Equations8.EE.7
Park Playground   (Packet question #12)● Area of a rectangle
● Percents
● Estimate visually
● Redraw the diagram
● Estimate with benchmark fractions
● Manipulate fractions to get a denominator of 100
Bar modelsMP.2 MP.4Geometry  

Measurement and Data

Ratios and Proportional Relationships
3.MD.7 6.RP.3
Dorothy’s Test Scores   (Packet question #13)Finding a missing value given the mean of a set● Estimate
● Visualize distances on a number line
● Make equal piles
● Reason about the total
● Guess and check
Number lines  

Tables
MP.2 MP.5 MP.7Statistics and Probability6.SP.5
Alicia’s Earnings   (Packet question #14)Write an expression to represent a situation● Use symbols to tell a story
● Read an expression as a story
 MP.2 MP.7Operations and Algebraic Thinking5.OA.2
Icicles by the Inch   (Packet question #15)● Proportional reasoning
● Multiplication or division with fractions
● Rates
● Estimate
● Take small steps
● Think in chunks
● Reason about rates
Tables  

Bar models
MP.7 MP.8Number and Operations: Fractions  

The Number System

Ratios and Proportional Relationships
6RP.3
Mark’s Garden   (Packet question #16)● Inequality in two variables
● Ordered pairs (coordinates)
● Reason in context
● Write out the possibilities
● Make a chart
TablesMP.2Expressions and Equations6.EE.6
Ordered Pairs   (Packet question #17)Systems of equations● Turn it into a story
● Draw a picture
● Reframe subtraction as “distance between” or “more than”
● Make logical inferences
● Make a table
TablesMP.2Expressions and Equations8.EE.8
TV Speed   (Packet question #18)● Proportional reasoning
● Benchmark percents
● Make sense/Think about reasonableness
● Try simpler numbers
● Look for and make use of structure (MP.7)
● Estimate with a bar model
TablesMP.2 MP.7Ratios and Proportional Relationships6.RP.3
How Old is Paulina   (Packet question #19)One-step word problem● Make sense/Think about reasonableness
● Use a number line
● Use a bar model
● Make an analogy to a known situation
Number lines  

Bar models
MP.2 MP.5Operations and Algebraic Thinking2.OA.1
The Price of Pens   (Packet question #20)Two-step word problem● Estimate
● Work down to the needed information
● Draw a bar model
● Write and solve an equation
Bar modelsMP.2Operations and Algebraic Thinking3.OA.8
Kitty Litter   (Packet question #21)Comparing rates in context● Estimate (multiple strategies)
● Calculate unit rates
TablesMP.4 MP.6Ratios and Proportional Relationships6.RP.1 6.RP.2
Alicia’s Appliances   (Packet question #22)Find the whole, given the percent● Estimate
● Draw pictures
● Use a bar model
Bar modelsMP.4 MP.6Ratios and Proportional Relationships6.RP.3
A Perimeter Problem   (Packet question #23)Area and perimeter of a rectangle● Play with area using gridded diagrams (Guess and check)
● Play with area using ungridded diagrams (Guess and check)
● Play with perimeter
● Make use of structure
TablesMP.7Geometry  

Measurement and Data
3.MD.8
Class EnrollmentPercent increase● Make sense of the question
● Estimate
● Reason from benchmarks
● Use a bar model
● Work backwards
Bar modelsMP.2 MP.4Ratios and Proportional Relationships7.RP.3
Joy’s GardenArea of a rectangle● Collect data
● Choose numbers and experiment
● Draw generalized pictures
 MP.8Geometry  

Measurement and Data
3.MD.7
Zari’s Ladder● Similar triangles
● Proportional reasoning
● Investigate structure with a sketch
● Estimate with a sketch
● Reason with benchmarks and a double number line
● Reason with fractions or percents
Number lines  

Bar models
MP.4Geometry  

Measurement and Data

Ratios and Proportional Relationships
8.G.4
Splitting the CostAlgebraic thinking● Consider reasonableness
● Start with a fair split and work from there
● Guess and check
● Use a bar model
Bar modelsMP.2 MP.4 MP.7Operations and Algebraic Thinking8.EE.8
Smallest to LargestComparing and ordering fractions, decimals, and percents● Estimate – consider small and big
● Estimate – compare to a benchmark
● Draw pictures
● Visualize using number lines
Number linesMP.7Number and Operations: Fractions4.NF.2
Goat’s Grazing Area● Area of a region defined by constraints including circles
● Writing expressions
● Draw a picture to make sense
● Draw a picture to estimate – check with a calculator
● Tell a story
● Consider what is relevant
 MP.4Geometry  

Measurement and Data
7.G.4
Trapezoid AreaArea of a trapezoid● Estimate from inside and outside
● Estimate by finding a shape with a similar area
● Chunk it up
● Subtract from a rectangle
 MP.7Geometry  

Measurement and Data
6.G.1
Hospital WardsComparing ratios● Make sense and estimate
● Draw ratios
● Take advantage of friendly numbers
● Reason about “leftovers”
TablesMP.2 MP.4Ratios and Proportional Relationships6.RP.3
Circle AreaArea of a circle● Estimate with an outside square
● Estimate with four outside squares
● Estimate with inside triangles
● Estimate inside and outside
 MP.7Geometry  

Measurement and Data
7.G.4
Class DataFinding an average (mean) from a frequency table● Make sense of the question
● Estimate
● Visualize the data in a different way
 MP.2 MP.6Statistics and Probability6.SP.5
Class Data IIFinding the median from a frequency table● Think about reasonableness
● Write out the data the long way
● Visualize with a different data display
TablesMP.2 MP.6Statistics and Probability6.SP.5
Beach BallFind the radius of a sphere, given the volume● Estimate with an answer choice
● Estimate with friendly numbers
● Use a story table
Story tablesMP.2Geometry: Geometric Measurement and DimensionG.GMD.3
Find the SlopeFind the slope, given two points● Use benchmarks – Estimate with a quick sketch
● Draw a triangle to figure out the vertical and horizontal change
● Reason about up and over
● Create a context
 MP.2Functions8.EE.5
Part of a WholeFind one fraction of a number, given another● Make sense and estimate with benchmarks
● Make sense and estimate by thinking about relationships
● Use a bar model
Bar modelsMP.7Number and Operations – Fractions3.NF.1
Slope-Intercept FormWrite an equation in slope-intercept form, given two points● Make a rough sketch
● Reason visually about slope
● Use slope steps from one point to find the y-intercept
 MP.7Functions8.F.3
Data PlanTwo-step word problem with decimal division● Make sense with a bar model
● Estimate
● Play “What if?”
● Divide a little bit at a time
Bar models  
Tables
MP.4Number and Operations in Base Ten5.NBT.7
Estimate with FractionsEstimating a fraction sum● Estimate with benchmarks
● Reason about the sizes of the answer choices without calculating
● Calculate and compare
Bar modelsMP.7Number and Operations – Fractions3.NF.1
Chocolate “Bar”Surface area of a triangular prism● Make sense and estimate
● Rearrange shapes
● Think about what is visible and invisible
 MP.4 MP.7Geometry6.G.1
DistanceFind the distance between two points on a coordinate plane● Estimate based on looks
● Estimate based on triangle relationships
● Build a right triangle and use the Pythagorean Theorem
 MP.7Geometry8.G.8
Converting TemperatureUse a formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius● Use an approximate story table
● Use a precise story table
● Sketch the action on a number line
● Rely on known relationships
Story tables  

Number lines
MP.4 MP.5Measurement and Data   Expressions and Equations6.EE.2
Book DriveFind the percent represented by one bar in a bar graph● Estimate by reasoning about the sizes of the parts
● Estimate the total the part
● Visualize chunking up the graph
 MP.2 MP.7Measurement and Data  

Ratios and proportional relationships
3.MD.3 6.RP.3
Taxi FaresWrite a linear function to model data in a table● Ask: Is it proportional
● Sketch a graph and estimate the y-intercept
● Figure out the rate per mile by comparing two rides
● Check the answer choices efficiently
 MP.2 MP.7Expressions and Equations

Ratios and Proportional Relationships  

Functions
8.F.3
Cost of GumEstimate division within 100● Estimate
● Play “What if?”
● Use a bar model
● Use a number line for rounding
Bar models

Number Lines
MP.4 MP.5Number and Operations in Base Ten

Operations and Algebraic Thinking
3.OA.7
Nick’s TipCalculate an 18% tip on a restaurant bill● Think of percent as “for every hundred”
● Estimate with a benchmark
● Build the percent with chunks
● Estimate with a double number line
Number linesMP.2 MP.7Ratios and Proportional Relationships6.RP.3
LifeguardsProportional reasoning in a context requiring a whole number answer● Draw a picture
● Make a table
● Check the answer choices
TablesMP.2 MP.7Ratios and Proportional Relationships6.RP.3
Solve for xSolve a two step linear equation● Make sense of the story – chunk it up
● Use a story table
● Use a bar model
● Illustrate the action on a number line
Story tables

Bar models  

Number lines
MP.7Expressions and equations6.EE.5 7.EE.4
Sebastian’s Racquetball RecordFind a part given a whole and a part:part ratio● Use a bar model
● Tally the games in a t-chart
● Make “piles” and move games around
● Think about parts on a number line
Bar models  

Tables  

Number lines
MP.2 MP.7Ratios and Proportional Relationships 
Arithmetic SequenceFind the 15th number in an arithmetic sequence● Use a concrete approach: Model with counters
● Use a representational approach: Draw the sequence on a number line
● Use a representational approach: Draw the hops
● Use an abstract approach: Reason about and extend the change
● Use an abstract approach: Reason about a related sequence
Number linesMP.7 MP.8Operations and Algebraic Thinking4.OA.5
Multiplying DecimalsMultiply 4.8 x 7.2● Estimate by truncating
● Estimate with nearby whole numbers
● Draw an area model
Area modelsMP.5 MP.7Number and Operations in Base Ten5.NBT.7
Fractions on a Number Line● Locate a fraction on a number line
● Reason about improper fractions
● Draw a picture
● Reason about wholes
● Mark and count thirds on the number line
Number linesMP.7Number and Operations – Fractions3.NF.2