Understanding the nature of the complex relationships between humans and the environment is vital and important for all citizens in an era of unprecedented environmental challenges. The Biocomplexity curriculum engages students in a series of case studies exploring the complex fabric of those relationships locally and globally. Four curriculum units focus on inquiry-based investigations designed around urban, agricultural, tropical, and polar systems. In each unit, students address land use challenges, gather evidence, and marshal arguments in support of possible solutions. The materials may be used as stand-alone instructional units or as a capstone experience for 11th and 12th grade students.